Search results for "Fatty acid amide hydrolase"

showing 10 items of 16 documents

Adverse Social Experiences in Adolescent Rats Result in Enduring Effects on Social Competence, Pain Sensitivity and Endocannabinoid Signaling

2016

Abstract: Social affiliation is essential for many species and gains significant importance during adolescence. Disturbances in social affiliation, in particular social rejection experiences during adolescence, affect an individual's well-being and are involved in the emergence of psychiatric disorders. The underlying mechanisms are still unknown, partly because of a lack of valid animal models. By using a novel animal model for social peer rejection, which compromises adolescent rats in their ability to appropriately engage in playful activities, here we report on persistent impairments in social behavior and dysregulations in the endocannabinoid (eCB) system. From postnatal day (pd) 21 to…

0301 basic medicineCB1 receptorCannabinoid receptorsocial playCognitive NeuroscienceAmygdalalcsh:RC321-571Developmental psychologysocial behavior03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineFatty acid amide hydrolasemedicinePsychologyendocannabinoid systemlcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiologySocial rejectionOriginal ResearchAnandamideEndocannabinoid systempeer-rejectionSocial relationfemale rats030104 developmental biologyNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrySocial competenceadolescenceHuman medicinePsychologyNeuroscienceadverse experience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
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Chemical Proteomic Analysis of Serine Hydrolase Activity in Niemann-Pick Type C Mouse Brain

2018

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is considered to be an endogenous protective system in various neurodegenerative diseases. Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) is a neurodegenerative disease in which the role of the ECS has not been studied yet. Most of the endocannabinoid enzymes are serine hydrolases, which can be studied using activity-based protein profiling (ABPP). Here, we report the serine hydrolase activity in brain proteomes of a NPC mouse model as measured by ABPP. Two ABPP methods are used: a gel-based method and a chemical proteomics method. The activities of the following endocannabinoid enzymes were quantified: diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) α, α/β-hydrolase domain-containing protein 4, α…

0301 basic medicineDiacylglycerol lipasehydrolaseslcsh:RC321-571Serine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineThioesterasechemical proteomicsFatty acid amide hydrolaseSerine hydrolase activityendocannabinoid systemlcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryNiemann-Pick type COriginal Researchactivity-based protein profilingbiologyChemistryGeneral NeuroscienceActivity-based proteomicsSerine hydrolaseMonoacylglycerol lipase030104 developmental biologyBiochemistrybiology.protein030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience
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Hemisphere-dependent endocannabinoid system activity in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of the Flinders Sensitive Line rodent model of depression

2019

Altered endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling is suggested as an important contributor to the pathophysiology of depression. To further elucidate this, we conducted a study using a genetic rat model of depression, the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL), and their controls, the Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats. Plasma, right and left prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus were isolated from FSL and FRL rats. We analyzed each region for the eCB anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) levels by liquid chromatography/multiple reaction monitoring (LC/MRM), mRNA and protein levels of the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R), fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacyl glycerol lipase (MAGL) by rea…

0301 basic medicineMalemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentHippocampusPrefrontal CortexHippocampusPrefrontal cortex03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineSpecies SpecificityFatty acid amide hydrolaseInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsReceptorPrefrontal cortexCerebrumEndocannabinoidFlinders sensitive lineChemistryDepressionCell BiologyAnandamideEndocannabinoid systemRatsMonoacylglycerol lipase030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)CannabinoidRats Transgenic030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEndocannabinoids
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Antiepileptogenic Effect of Subchronic Palmitoylethanolamide Treatment in a Mouse Model of Acute Epilepsy

2018

Research on the antiepileptic effects of (endo-)cannabinoids has remarkably progressed in the years following the discovery of fundamental role of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in controlling neural excitability. Moreover, an increasing number of well-documented cases of epilepsy patients exhibiting multi-drug resistance report beneficial effects of cannabis use. Pre-clinical and clinical research has increasingly focused on the antiepileptic effectiveness of exogenous administration of cannabinoids and/or pharmacologically induced increase of eCBs such as anandamide (also known as arachidonoylethanolamide [AEA]). Concomitant research has uncovered the contribution of neuroinflammatory p…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_treatmentFAAH inhibitorsPharmacologyeicosanoidslcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundEpilepsyCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineFatty acid amide hydrolaseMedicineantiepileptic drugsPentylenetetrazolendocannabinoidsMolecular Biologypalmitoylethanolamidelcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryOriginal ResearchPalmitoylethanolamidebusiness.industryAnandamidemedicine.diseaseEndocannabinoid system030104 developmental biologyAnticonvulsantchemistryLC-MRMSystemic administrationlipidomicsepilepsybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugNeuroscienceFrontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
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Inhibition of endocannabinoid-degrading enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase increases atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability in mice

2013

The role of endocannabinoids such as anandamide during atherogenesis remains largely unknown. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) represents the key enzyme in anandamide degradation, and its inhibition is associated with subsequent higher levels of anandamide. Here, we tested whether selective inhibition of FAAH influences the progression of atherosclerosis in mice. Selective inhibition of FAAH using URB597 resulted in significantly increased plasma levels of anandamide compared to control, as assessed by mass spectrometry experiments in mice. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice were fed a high-fat, cholesterol-rich diet to induce atherosclerotic conditions. Simultaneously, mice recei…

Apolipoprotein Emedicine.medical_specialtyApolipoprotein BNeutrophilsPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.medical_treatmentIntraperitoneal injectionGene ExpressionArachidonic AcidsDiet High-FatAmidohydrolasesMicechemistry.chemical_compoundApolipoproteins EWestern blotCell MovementSuperoxidesFatty acid amide hydrolaseInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsEnzyme InhibitorsMolecular BiologyMice Knockoutbiologymedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryMacrophagesAnandamideURB597Dietary FatsEndocannabinoid systemPlaque AtheroscleroticEndocrinologyBenzamidesbiology.proteinCarbamatesCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineEndocannabinoidsJournal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
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Pharmacological blockade of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) alters neural proliferation, apoptosis and gliosis in the rat hippocampus, hypothal…

2015

Endocannabinoids participate in the control of neurogenesis, neural cell death and gliosis. The pharmacological effect of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597, which limits the endocannabinoid degradation, was investigated in the present study. Cell proliferation (phospho-H3(+) or BrdU(+) cells) of the main adult neurogenic zones as well as apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3(+)), astroglia (GFAP(+)), and microglia (Iba1(+) cells) were analyzed in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum of rats intraperitoneally treated with URB597 (0.3 mg/kg/day) at one dose/4-days resting or 5 doses (1 dose/day). Repeated URB597 treatment increased the plasma levels of the N-acylethanolamine…

AstrocitosNeurobiologia del desenvolupamentAmidohidrolasasCannabinoid receptorCarbamatos:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins::Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins::Caspases [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Differentiation::Neurogenesis [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.medical_treatment:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Monosaccharides::Hexoses::Glucose [Medical Subject Headings]Apoptosis:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight [Medical Subject Headings]chemistry.chemical_compound:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB1 [Medical Subject Headings]0302 clinical medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Carboxylic Acids::Acids Acyclic::Carbamates [Medical Subject Headings]Fatty acid amide hydrolaseReceptor cannabinoide CB1:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]FAAHGliosishealth care economics and organizations:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyuridine::Bromodeoxyuridine [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides::Triglycerides [Medical Subject Headings]Original Research0303 health sciencesNeurogenesisBenzamidas:Chemicals and Drugs::Polycyclic Compounds::Steroids::Cholestanes::Cholestenes::Cholesterol [Medical Subject Headings]Endocannabinoid systemEtanolaminas3. Good healthEndocannabinoides:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Fatty Acids Monounsaturated::Oleic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]CannabinoidesMicroglíalipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)medicine.symptomColesterol:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Terpenes::Cannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Palmitic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]psychological phenomena and processesProliferación celularmedicine.medical_specialtyCerebroNeurogenesiseducationBiologyBromodesoxiuridina:Anatomy::Nervous System::Neuroglia::Microglia [Medical Subject Headings]Triglicéridoslcsh:RC321-571Ácidos oléicosRatas03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceInternal medicineHipocampomedicineCaspasa 3:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Growth Processes::Cell Proliferation [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyPalmitoylethanolamide:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Hydrolases::Amidohydrolases [Medical Subject Headings]Cannabinoids:Anatomy::Cells::Neuroglia::Astrocytes [Medical Subject Headings]Peso corporalEnergy metabolism:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]URB597:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Death [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Gliosis [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amines::Amino Alcohols::Ethanolamines [Medical Subject Headings]Muerte celular:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Death::Apoptosis [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]EndocrinologyURB597chemistryGliosisnervous systemGlucosaCannabinoidEnergy Metabolism:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Benzamides [Medical Subject Headings]HipotálamoÁcidos palmíticos030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
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Evidence for a modulatory role of cannabinoids on the excitatory NANC neurotransmission in mouse colon

2007

Abstract It is well accepted that endogenous cannabinoids and CB1 receptors are involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contractility and intestinal motility, through a mechanism mainly related to reduction of acetylcholine release from cholinergic nerve endings. Because, few data exist on a possible modulatory action of the cannabinoid agents on the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cannabinoid drugs on the NANC responses elicited by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in the circular muscle of mouse proximal colon. Colonic contractions were monitored as changes in endoluminal…

CB1 receptorIndolesCannabinoid receptormedicine.medical_treatmentSynaptic TransmissionSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaEnteric Nervous SystemReceptor Cannabinoid CB2Micechemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Fatty acid amide hydrolaseCannabinoid receptor type 2musculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyAnandamideSmooth muscle contractionRimonabantAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyColonPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.drug_classMorpholinesNeuromuscular JunctionArachidonic AcidsIn Vitro TechniquesNaphthalenesTachykininsInternal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsIntestinal motilitymedicineAnimalsCannabinoidReceptors TachykininPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugCannabinoidsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsNANC relaxationURB597Electric StimulationBenzoxazinesMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyInhibitory Postsynaptic PotentialschemistryPyrazolesNANC contractionCannabinoidGastrointestinal MotilityEndocannabinoidsPharmacological Research
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Cannabinoid CB1 receptors regulate neuronal TNF-α effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

2011

Abstract Cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1Rs) regulate the neurodegenerative damage of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and of multiple sclerosis (MS). The mechanism by which CB1R stimulation exerts protective effects is still unclear. Here we show that pharmacological activation of CB1Rs dampens the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-mediated potentiation of striatal spontaneous glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), which is believed to cogently contribute to the inflammation-induced neurodegenerative damage observed in EAE mice. Furthermore, mice lacking CB1Rs showed a more severe clinical course and, in parallel, exacerbated alterations of sEPSC duration af…

Cannabinoid receptorEncephalomyelitis Autoimmune ExperimentalPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyExcitotoxicityGlutamic AcidArachidonic AcidsPharmacologyBiologymedicine.disease_causeReceptors N-Methyl-D-AspartateReceptors Tumor Necrosis FactorAmidohydrolasesEtanerceptBehavioral Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Fatty acid amide hydrolaseCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineAnimalsDronabinolReceptors AMPA6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-23-dioneMice KnockoutNeuronsEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaNeurodegenerationExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsAnandamidemedicine.diseaseEndocannabinoid systemCorpus StriatumMice Inbred C57BLchemistryImmunoglobulin GImmunologyNerve DegenerationSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleCannabinoidDizocilpine MaleateEndocannabinoidsBrain, behavior, and immunity
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Increased endocannabinoid levels reduce the development of precancerous lesions in the mouse colon

2007

Colorectal cancer is an increasingly important cause of death in Western countries. Endocannabinoids inhibit colorectal carcinoma cell proliferation in vitro. In this paper, we investigated the involvement of endocannabinoids on the formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF, earliest preneoplastic lesions) in the colon mouse in vivo. ACF were induced by azoxymethane (AOM); fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and cannabinoid receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels were analyzed by the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); endocannabinoid levels were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; caspase-3 and caspase-9 expressions were measured by W…

Cannabinoid receptormedicine.medical_treatment2-Arachidonoylglycerolpreneoplastic lesionsMass Spectrometrychemistry.chemical_compoundMice0302 clinical medicineFatty acid amide hydrolaseDrug DiscoveryFatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH)Aberrant crypt fociGenetics(clinical)ReceptorReceptors CannabinoidGenetics (clinical)Medicine(all)0303 health sciencesCaspase 3Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionEndocannabinoid systemCaspase 93. Good health2-arachidonoylglycerolColon cancer030220 oncology & carcinogenesisColonic NeoplasmsMolecular Medicinelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)psychological phenomena and processesRapid CommunicationAberrant crypt focimedicine.medical_specialtyColonAzoxymethaneBiologydigestive systemAmidohydrolases03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerCannabinoid receptors030304 developmental biologyAzoxymethaneendocannabinoiddigestive system diseasesEndocrinologychemistrynervous systemCancer researchCannabinoidcancer pharmacologyPrecancerous ConditionsEndocannabinoids
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The FAAH inhibitor URB597 suppresses hippocampal maximal dentate afterdischarges and restores seizure-induced impairment of short and long-term synap…

2017

Synthetic cannabinoids and phytocannabinoids have been shown to suppress seizures both in humans and experimental models of epilepsy. However, they generally have a detrimental effect on memory and memory-related processes. Here we compared the effect of the inhibition of the endocannabinoid (eCB) degradation versus synthetic CB agonist on limbic seizures induced by maximal dentate activation (MDA) acute kindling. Moreover, we investigated the dentate gyrus (DG) granule cell reactivity and synaptic plasticity in naïve and in MDA-kindled anaesthetised rats. We found that both the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597 and the synthetic cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212-2 displayed AM…

Male0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_treatmentLong-Term Potentiationlcsh:MedicineBrain -- Diseases -- DiagnosisSynaptic TransmissionEpilepsy -- Alternative treatmentchemistry.chemical_compoundEpilepsy0302 clinical medicineFatty acid amide hydrolaselcsh:ScienceTemporal lobe epilepsyInhibitionNeuronal PlasticityMultidisciplinaryLong-term potentiationmedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaBenzamidesHippocampus (Brain)medicine.medical_specialtyArticleAmidohydrolases03 medical and health sciencesSeizuresInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsAuthor CorrectionEpilepsyCannabinoidsDentate gyruslcsh:RURB597medicine.diseaseGranule cellHippocampus (Brain) -- PhysiologyRats030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologychemistryDentate GyrusSynaptic plasticitylcsh:QNeuroplasticityCarbamatesCannabinoid030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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